Clarify Goals and Timeline
Estimate desired retirement age, lifestyle costs, and contingencies. Align savings rates to reach target nest eggs with margin for uncertainty.
Tax‑Advantaged Accounts
Maximize employer plans and IRAs; evaluate Roth vs. traditional based on current and expected tax brackets. Use HSAs for healthcare expenses where eligible.
Social Security Timing
Delaying benefits increases monthly income. Coordinate spousal strategies and consider longevity risk and break‑even analyses.
Healthcare Planning
Budget for premiums, deductibles, and out‑of‑pocket costs. Understand Medicare parts, supplemental coverage, and long‑term care considerations.
Withdrawal Strategy
Use flexible rules of thumb (e.g., 4% guideline adjusted for market conditions). Sequence withdrawals to manage taxes and maintain portfolio resilience.
Portfolio Construction
Balance growth and income with diversified equities and high‑quality bonds. Consider inflation hedges and maintain cash buffers for near‑term spending.
Risk Management
Address sequence‑of‑returns risk, evaluate annuities carefully, and avoid concentration. Rebalance and review annually.
Estate and Legacy
Keep beneficiary designations current, coordinate wills and trusts, and plan for charitable giving where desired.
Location and Costs
Account for state taxes and housing costs; California residents should plan for variable property taxes and insurance availability.